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Regulation on a single market for digital services (Digital Services Act)
The Digital Services Act establishes harmonised rules for digital intermediary services across the EU. It introduces tiered obligations for hosting providers, online platforms, and very large online platforms (VLOPs), including content moderation transparency, algorithmic audits, systemic risk assessments, and enhanced user protection mechanisms.
91
Articles
19
Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs
45M
User Threshold
Feb 2024
Enforced
19 October 2022
Adopted by EU Parliament and Council
16 November 2022
Entered into force
25 August 2023
VLOPs and VLOSEs compliance deadline
17 February 2024
General compliance deadline — all providers
Transparent terms and conditions, annual transparency reports, designated electronic point of contact for authorities, EU legal representative for third-country providers.
Implement mechanisms for illegal content removal notices, inform users of moderation decisions with reasons, report criminal suspicions to law enforcement.
Internal complaint-handling systems, out-of-court dispute settlement, trusted flagger programme for vetted organisations, enhanced traceability requirements.
Annual systemic risk assessments, mitigation measures, algorithmic transparency, independent audits, recommender system transparency, dark pattern prohibition, minors protection.
Commission enforcement for VLOPs/VLOSEs, national Digital Services Coordinators for other providers, interim measures, access blocking as last resort.
Up to 6% worldwide annual turnover
All intermediary service providers
Up to 1% worldwide annual turnover
Failure to respond to Commission demands
5% avg daily worldwide turnover per day
Continued non-compliance after initial fine
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